Global penstock market is expected to witness high growth over the forecast period on account of increasing electricity consumption coupled with driving need for sewage & water treatment mainly in emerging economies such as India, China, South Korea and Vietnam.
Penstock is fitted between open water source and turbine scroll case where source type can be surge tank, reservoir, canal, free flow tunnel, and river. The product helps in preventing any loss of property and life during operations.
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Other product benefits include excellent impact resistance, controlled leakage, less operating loads and adequate flow of liquid during operation. Hydraulic efficiency is expected to further enhance global market growth over the forecast period as the product has to undergo pressure fluctuations during turbine operations.
Therefore, raw material for manufacturing should have high strength with excellent flexibility and efficiency features. Steel is a major raw material for penstock owing to its strength and highly flexible nature. They also help in providing water tightness at the contraction and concrete surface areas.
Global industry is expected to be restrained by various losses which are experienced by penstocks during turbine operations such as head and friction losses. High installation cost involved is expected to further hamper global market growth in the future.
Industrialization mainly in Asia Pacific countries including India, China, Vietnam and Indonesia is expected to emerge as key market opportunity over the forecast period owing to high electricity demand coupled with increasing initiatives for its generation.
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Designing is crucial as there are certain safety rules and codes established by government which are compulsory to follow while manufacturing penstock. Normal steel-based products are constructed in accordance with American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Codes.
These codes and practices are continuously updated according to advancements in pressure vessel design and materials. Welds inspection and testing is also important for penstock designing and the standards & codes are also based on them in order to provide high efficiency.
Product location is also a vital step as it depends upon dam type & location, intake & outlet position, and river diversion process during dam construction. Global industry is segmented on the basis of types and application. Penstocks are categorized according to their size, construction, and application.
Type segment includes light duty cast iron, light duty fabricated, medium duty and heavy duty cast iron. On the basis of application, industry is segmented into sewage treatment, water treatment, industrial processes, and hydropower.
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